[\/perex]
\r\nSv\u00e9 stabiln\u00ed p\u016fsobi\u0161t\u011b na\u0161lo centrum Elix\u00edr v\u00a0Z\u0160 TGM na Ortenov\u011b n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a\u00a0zde se tak\u00e9 konaj\u00ed v\u017edy druhou st\u0159edu v\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edci zdarma pravideln\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed. Centrum je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 propojov\u00e1n\u00edm pedagog\u016f od mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol a\u017e po druh\u00fd stupe\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol, velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st setk\u00e1n\u00ed je spole\u010dn\u00e1. U\u010ditel\u00e9 pak pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed nap\u0159. tandemovou v\u00fduku pro sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky, kdy d\u011bti ze star\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f mohou samy p\u0159ipravovat pokusy pro sv\u00e9 mlad\u0161\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1ky.<\/p>\r\n
Sedmi\u010dkov\u00e9 centrum, je\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b 40 region\u00e1ln\u00edch center Elix\u00edru<\/a>, vede Jitka Houfkov\u00e1, nejen autorka Poh\u00e1dkov\u00e9 fyziky pro p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed a\u00a0mlad\u0161\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed v\u011bk, ale tak\u00e9 pedago\u017eka p\u0159ipravuj\u00edc\u00ed budouc\u00ed u\u010ditele fyziky na Kated\u0159e didaktiky fyziky Matematicko-fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed fakulty Univerzity Karlovy. \u201eV\u00a0p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm a\u00a0mlad\u0161\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, aby se d\u011bti nau\u010dily v\u0161e pozorovat, postupn\u011b popisovat a\u00a0radovat se ze sv\u00fdch objev\u016f. P\u0159irozen\u011b tak z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed vztah k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm v\u011bd\u00e1m a\u00a0p\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0\u201avelkou\u2018 fyzikou pak dok\u00e1\u017eou skrze pokusy sv\u011btu kolem sebe l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt. Na odborn\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed bude \u010das pozd\u011bji,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jitka Houfkov\u00e1.<\/p>\r\n Inspirace a\u00a0z\u00e1\u017eitky<\/strong> V\u00a0uplynul\u00e9m \u0161koln\u00edm roce se setk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bnovala nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0potravinami v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0p\u016fsoben\u00edm tlaku a\u00a0se zm\u011bnou skupenstv\u00ed, pokus\u016fm s\u00a0elekt\u0159inou a\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho elektromotorku, v\u00fdrob\u011b vlastn\u00ed stavebnice pro jednoduch\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 obvody nebo v\u00e1hy a\u00a0z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed z\u00a0pap\u00edru pro v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed drobn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. Zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm t\u00e9matem byla tak\u00e9 zrcadla a\u00a0sestaven\u00ed vlastn\u00edch krasohled\u016f nebo testov\u00e1n\u00ed geometrick\u00e9 p\u0159edstavivosti p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed zrcadel.<\/p>\r\n Zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei<\/strong> Vedouc\u00ed centra Jitka Houfkov\u00e1 vn\u00edm\u00e1, \u017ee i\u00a0u\u010ditel\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed prostor pro vlastn\u00ed objevov\u00e1n\u00ed, testov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f a\u00a0mo\u017enost sd\u00edlen\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed s\u00a0kolegy. Setk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0centru jsou v\u017edy vesel\u00e1, pln\u00e1 tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed inspirace a\u00a0chuti d\u00e1le se rozv\u00edjet v\u00a0inovativn\u00edch metod\u00e1ch.<\/p>\r\n Inspirace z\u00a0Elix\u00edru do \u0161kol na pr\u00e1zdniny: pap\u00edrov\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed hra\u010dky<\/strong><\/span> Postup<\/em>: Z\u00a0pap\u00edru vyst\u0159ihn\u011bte obd\u00e9ln\u00edk o\u00a0stran\u00e1ch 3 cm a\u00a012,5 cm. Pod\u00e9ln\u011b na n\u011bm vyzna\u010dte t\u0159i stejn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 prou\u017eky a\u00a0z\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00fdch stran v\u017edy jeden z\u00a0nich 9 cm od kraje nast\u0159ihn\u011bte, jak je nazna\u010deno na obr\u00e1zku. Voln\u00e9 konce p\u0159ilo\u017ete k\u00a0sob\u011b a\u00a0spojte kancel\u00e1\u0159skou sponkou, aby vznikl prohnut\u00fd troj\u00faheln\u00edk. V\u00edrn\u00ed\u010dek chy\u0165te za kancel\u00e1\u0159skou sponku, pus\u0165te ho z\u00a0co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky a\u00a0sledujte jeho pomal\u00fd let k\u00a0zemi.<\/p>\r\n Co zkou\u0161et a\u00a0zkoumat<\/em>: Zm\u011bn\u00ed se p\u00e1d v\u00edrn\u00ed\u010dku, kdy\u017e ho ud\u011bl\u00e1te z\u00a0tvrd\u00e9ho pap\u00edru? Nebo kdy\u017e vyrob\u00edte v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010di men\u0161\u00ed? Co bude na jeho p\u00e1du jin\u00e9, kdy\u017e na n\u011bj pov\u011bs\u00edte v\u00edc kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch sponek nebo ho zat\u00ed\u017e\u00edte jinak, t\u0159eba plastel\u00ednou? Jak bude vypadat p\u00e1d v\u00edrn\u00ed\u010dku, kdy\u017e ho nech\u00e1te padat bez spojen\u00ed jeho konc\u016f sponkou? A\u00a0jak kdy\u017e ho vypust\u00edte z\u00a0ruky vzh\u016fru nohama \u2013 sponkou nahoru?<\/p>\r\n Postup<\/em>: Z\u00a0pap\u00edru vyst\u0159ihn\u011bte tvar sv\u00e9ho lezouna (m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt ov\u00e1l, na kter\u00fd nakresl\u00edte libovoln\u00fd obr\u00e1zek, ale klidn\u011b to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u0159eba tvar rakety nebo letadla \u010di brou\u010dka apod.). Na jednu stranu namalujte sv\u016fj obr\u00e1zek a\u00a0na druhou p\u0159ilepte izolepou \u0161ikmo dva kousky ust\u0159i\u017een\u00e9ho br\u010dka, tak jak je vid\u011bt na fotografii. Skrz br\u010dka provl\u00e9kn\u011bte prov\u00e1zek, ohyb prov\u00e1zku je na stran\u011b, kde jsou konce br\u010dek bl\u00ed\u017e u\u00a0sebe, voln\u00e9 konce prov\u00e1zku jsou na stran\u011b, kde jsou konce br\u010dek d\u00e1l od sebe. Ohyb prov\u00e1zku zah\u00e1kn\u011bte t\u0159eba za kli\u010dku u\u00a0okna, navl\u00e9kn\u011bte ji na nohu od \u017eidle nebo jen p\u0159es dr\u017eadlo va\u0159e\u010dky \u2013 z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, kam chcete sv\u00e9ho lezouna nechat vy\u0161plhat. Lezouna posu\u0148te k\u00a0voln\u00fdm konc\u016fm prov\u00e1zku a\u00a0tyto konce pevn\u011b chy\u0165te do ruky. Za voln\u00e9 konce prov\u00e1zku st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b tahejte do stran \u2013 lezoun se bude d\u00edky t\u0159en\u00ed mezi br\u010dky a\u00a0prov\u00e1zkem posouvat pry\u010d od v\u00e1s. Aby se s\u00a0lezounem l\u00e9pe pracovalo men\u0161\u00edm d\u011btem a\u00a0aby prov\u00e1zek nevyklouz\u00e1val z\u00a0br\u010dek, m\u016f\u017eete na konc\u00edch prov\u00e1zku ud\u011blat smy\u010dky nebo na n\u011b nav\u00e1zat kor\u00e1lky.<\/p>\r\n Co zkou\u0161et a\u00a0zkoumat<\/em>: Zkuste, jak z\u00e1vis\u00ed\u00a0pohyb lezouna na prov\u00e1zku, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te\u00a0\u2013 vyzkou\u0161ejte prov\u00e1zek tenk\u00fd, tlust\u00fd, hladk\u00fd, drsn\u00fd\u2026 P\u0159ilepte br\u010dka na lezouna r\u016fzn\u011b \u0161ikmo \u2013 bude lezoun fungovat, kdy\u017e budou oba kousky br\u010dek rovnob\u011b\u017en\u00e9? Nebo naopak hodn\u011b \u0161ikmo v\u016f\u010di sob\u011b? Ovlivn\u00ed to, jak dob\u0159e lezoun leze, d\u00e9lka ust\u0159i\u017een\u00fdch kousk\u016f br\u010dek? DAL\u0160\u00cd HRA\u010cKY A\u00a0HLAVOLAMY<\/strong>
\r\nSetk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed pravidelnou d\u00e1vku inspirace a\u00a0pedagogov\u00e9 si z\u00e1\u017eitkovou formou zkou\u0161ej\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 pokusy. Hledaj\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak tyto aktivity p\u0159en\u00e9st do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd, vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed si zku\u0161enosti a\u00a0maj\u00ed mo\u017enost problematiku konzultovat nejen po odborn\u00e9, ale i\u00a0didaktick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. U\u010ditelka Jaroslava Matou\u0161ov\u00e1 z\u00a0FM\u0160 Na V\u00fd\u0161in\u00e1ch se po inspirativn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed rozhodla n\u00e1pady ve \u0161kolce realizovat: \u201eD\u011bti z\u00a0p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed byly t\u011bmito a\u017e kouzelnick\u00fdmi pokusy nad\u0161en\u00e9. Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed bylo vytvo\u0159en\u00ed obr\u00e1zku m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edho se z\u00a0\u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9ho do barevn\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed. P\u0159es velkou n\u00e1ro\u010dnost se to v\u0161ak d\u00edky nad\u0161en\u00ed a\u00a0trp\u011blivosti d\u011bt\u00ed poda\u0159ilo a\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 si vytvo\u0159ilo sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se obr\u00e1zek. V\u00fdsledek si pak s\u00a0radost\u00ed odnesly dom\u016f a\u00a0zkou\u0161ely sv\u00e9 rodi\u010de, zda v\u011bd\u00ed, jak jejich pokus funguje.\u201c<\/p>\r\n
\r\nU\u010ditel\u00e9 oce\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee si n\u011bkter\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed pom\u016fcky mohou zap\u016fj\u010dit do sv\u00fdch \u0161kol. \u201ePro M\u0160 Nad \u0160tolou jsme si vyp\u016fj\u010dili USB mikroskop a\u00a0kapesn\u00ed mikroskopy. USB mikroskop jsme nejv\u00edc vyu\u017eili p\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed hmyz\u00edch n\u00e1lez\u016f, d\u011bti porovn\u00e1valy vzorky s\u00a0obr\u00e1zky v\u00a0encyklopedii, hledaly n\u00e1zvy a\u00a0tak\u00e9 hmyz kreslily. Mal\u00e9 mikroskopy byly skv\u011bl\u00e9 p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed venku: zkoumali jsme p\u00edsek, k\u016fru r\u016fzn\u00fdch strom\u016f a\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti rostlin. Neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b dlouho d\u011btem taky vydr\u017eelo prohl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vlastn\u00edho t\u011bla. Prohl\u00ed\u017eeli jsme si t\u0159eba \u0161pinav\u00e9 ruce a\u00a0ruce po umyt\u00ed m\u00fddlem, nehty, kresbu na b\u0159\u00ed\u0161k\u00e1ch prst\u016f, r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u0161kr\u00e1bance a\u00a0od\u0159eniny. Zkoumali jsme ale i\u00a0p\u0159edm\u011bty a\u00a0materi\u00e1ly okolo n\u00e1s: desku stolu \u2013 zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 jak vypad\u00e1 po j\u00eddle, a\u00a0kdy\u017e se pak umyje, oble\u010den\u00ed, koberec, popsan\u00fd pap\u00edr, tisk v\u00a0kn\u00ed\u017ece. Po pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdp\u016fj\u010dku r\u00e1di vyu\u017eijeme,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 u\u010ditelka Lucie Ondr\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1.<\/p>\r\n
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\r\nPap\u00edrov\u00fd v\u00edrn\u00ed\u010dek a\u00a0lezoun jsou dv\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 pap\u00edrov\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed hra\u010dky, se kter\u00fdmi si m\u016f\u017eete nejen z\u00e1bavn\u011b kr\u00e1tit \u010das pr\u00e1zdnin, ale m\u016f\u017eete na nich s\u00a0d\u011btmi i\u00a0zkoumat \u0159adu r\u016fzn\u00fdch fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1konitost\u00ed. Nav\u00edc si je d\u011bti mohou snadno vyrobit pomoc\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1te doma nebo je m\u016f\u017eete snadno sehnat v\u00a0pap\u00edrnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n
\r\nPap\u00edrov\u00fd v\u00edrn\u00ed\u010dek
\r\n<\/strong>Pom\u016fcky<\/em>: pap\u00edr, kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 sponka, tu\u017eka, prav\u00edtko, n\u016f\u017eky<\/p>\r\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virnicek_foto_oriznute-543x400.jpg\")
<\/a>
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\r\n<\/p>\r\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/virnicek_sablona-1500x364.jpg\")
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\r\n<\/a>Lezoun<\/strong>
\r\nPom\u016fcky<\/em>: pap\u00edr, br\u010dko, prov\u00e1zek, izolepa, n\u016f\u017eky<\/p>\r\n
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\r\n\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/lezoun_foto_zepredu-200x200.jpg\")
<\/a>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/lezoun_foto_zezadu-200x200.jpg\")
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\r\nDal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1m\u011bty a\u00a0\u0161ablony na pap\u00edrov\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed hra\u010dky a\u00a0matematick\u00e9 hlavolamy najdete v\u00a0publikaci V\u011bry Pej\u010dochov\u00e9 s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Paper Science, kter\u00e1 je ke sta\u017een\u00ed zdarma na www.mff.cuni.cz\/en\/science-on-stage-2022\/home\/paper-science-templates.pdf<\/a>. Vznikla pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed festival pro u\u010ditele p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd a\u00a0matematiky Science on Stage (www.sons2022.eu<\/a>), kter\u00fd se konal v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2022 v\u00a0Praze a\u00a0Elix\u00edr do \u0161kol byl jeho hlavn\u00ed po\u0159adatel. Na webu festivalu je publikace v\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti For_Attendees\/Downloads<\/a>. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm roce pl\u00e1nujeme vyd\u00e1n\u00ed publikace i\u00a0v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[perex] Ji\u017e t\u0159et\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm rokem provozuje organizace Elix\u00edr do \u0161kol s\u00a0podporou m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Praha 7 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed centrum, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e si u\u010ditel\u00e9 mate\u0159sk\u00fdch a\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol nad\u0161en\u00ed do fyziky mohou z\u00e1\u017eitkovou formou vyzkou\u0161et nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pokusy a\u00a0metody, aby radost\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd mohli nakazit i\u00a0sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky. [\/perex] Sv\u00e9 stabiln\u00ed p\u016fsobi\u0161t\u011b na\u0161lo centrum Elix\u00edr v\u00a0Z\u0160 TGM na Ortenov\u011b n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed a\u00a0zde se tak\u00e9 […]","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":58538,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58533"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/76"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58533"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58533\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58554,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58533\/revisions\/58554"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/58538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}