{"id":52615,"date":"2021-11-24T10:23:57","date_gmt":"2021-11-24T09:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/?p=52615"},"modified":"2021-11-24T10:23:57","modified_gmt":"2021-11-24T09:23:57","slug":"osvetou-k-blahobytu-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/osvetou-k-blahobytu-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Osv\u011btou k\u00a0blahobytu II."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[perex]<\/p>\r\n<p>Postupem doby a\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edm, jak rostlo sebev\u011bdom\u00ed i\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fd vliv d\u011blnictva, prom\u011b\u0148ovaly se tak\u00e9 jeho po\u017eadavky. Velkou roli i\u00a0nad\u00e1le hr\u00e1la ot\u00e1zka mezd,\u00a0ale do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu se dost\u00e1valy i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed aspekty pr\u00e1ce d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f \u2013 ot\u00e1zky volna (tzv. ned\u011bln\u00ed klid), bezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u00farazov\u00e9 i\u00a0zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b i\u00a0politick\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\r\n<p>[\/perex]<br \/>\r\n<em>K z\u00e1sahu proti eventu\u00e1ln\u00edm nepokoj\u016fm byly p\u0159ipraveny vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy na V\u00fdstavi\u0161ti<br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p><strong><br \/>\r\nNed\u011bln\u00ed klid<\/strong><br \/>\r\nJak u\u017e bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno, jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f d\u011blnictva bylo z\u00e1konn\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed\u00a0n\u00e1roku na voln\u00fd den. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee se m\u011blo jednat o\u00a0posledn\u00ed, tradi\u010dn\u011b sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed den, za\u010dalo se toto volno ozna\u010dovat jako ned\u011bln\u00ed klid. Jeho ustanoven\u00ed se poda\u0159ilo protla\u010dit do novely \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du, kter\u00e1 byla vyd\u00e1na koncem roku 1885. V\u00a0obecn\u00e9 rovin\u011b stanovila povinnost pro zam\u011bstnavatele umo\u017enit sv\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm volno nejpozd\u011bji od ned\u011bln\u00ed \u0161est\u00e9 hodiny rann\u00ed po n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 24 hodin. Bolav\u00fdm m\u00edstem \u00fapravy bylo, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bla celou \u0159adu v\u00fdjimek, zejm\u00e9na pro potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 provozy (peka\u0159stv\u00ed,\u00a0\u0159eznictv\u00ed a\u00a0maloobchod) nebo pro \u017eivnosti \u010di provozy. Ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch fabrik\u00e1ch se dovolovalo \u201e\u010distit a\u00a0nezbytn\u011b upravovat d\u00edlny\u201c\u00a0i\u00a0v\u00a0ned\u011bli. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed si tedy majitel\u00e9 firem vykl\u00e1dali r\u016fzn\u011b, co\u017e vedlo k\u00a0\u010detn\u00fdm spor\u016fm. N\u011bkdy nezb\u00fdvalo zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm ne\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edt ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 publicity k\u00a0prosazen\u00ed sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Koncem roku 1895 publikovaly N\u00e1rodn\u00ed listy st\u00ed\u017enost na pom\u011bry v\u00a0hole\u0161ovick\u00e9 jirch\u00e1rn\u011b Spannagel. S\u00e1m tov\u00e1rn\u00edk k\u00a0tomu \u00fadajn\u011b na adresu st\u011b\u017eovatel\u016f \u0159ekl: \u201eJ\u00e1 myslel, \u017ee budou r\u00e1di, \u017ee jim d\u00e1m v\u00a0ned\u011bli n\u011bco vyd\u011blati, a\u00a0oni m\u011b daj\u00ed do novin.\u201c Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b ned\u011bln\u00ed sm\u011bny v\u00a0tov\u00e1rn\u011b skon\u010dily, firma samotn\u00e1 zkrachovala nedlouho pot\u00e9 \u2013 koncem roku 1898.<\/p>\r\n<p>Velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem v\u00a0(nejen) pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch z\u00e1vodech b\u00fdvala bezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce. Dobov\u00fd tisk se doslova hem\u017e\u00ed zpr\u00e1vami o\u00a0\u00farazech d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f, pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasto i\u00a0s\u00a0fat\u00e1ln\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch provozech \u2013 zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0chemick\u00fdch tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch \u2013 se nav\u00edc dlouhodob\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00edch \u0161kodliv\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m negativn\u011b podepisovalo na zdrav\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f, ale i\u00a0lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0okol\u00ed. St\u00ed\u017enosti se v\u00a0doln\u00edch Hole\u0161ovic\u00edch objevovaly nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0v\u00fdrobou tov\u00e1rny na lu\u010debniny (chemik\u00e1lie) Englert a\u00a0Becker (s\u00eddlila v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed ulici Komunard\u016f) pobl\u00ed\u017e b\u00fdval\u00fdch jatek. Tlak na rychlost pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0z\u00a0toho plynouc\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e1 kvalita jej\u00edho proveden\u00ed se projevoval i\u00a0ve stavebnictv\u00ed. Na podzim 1896 se z\u0159izovala kanaliza\u010dn\u00ed stoka ve Skaleck\u00e9 ulici. Dne 21.&nbsp;\u0159\u00edjna r\u00e1no se \u010d\u00e1st budovan\u00e9 stoky z\u0159\u00edtila a\u00a0zavalila t\u0159i ze zde pracuj\u00edc\u00edch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f. Jen d\u00edky ob\u011btavosti koleg\u016f se poda\u0159ilo zavalen\u00e9 rychle vyhrabat a\u00a0zachr\u00e1nit je. I\u00a0tak ale v\u0161ichni utrp\u011bli t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edpad se dostal na ja\u0159e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku k\u00a0soudu, jen\u017e uznal vinn\u00fdm dohl\u00ed\u017eitele stavby Mat\u011bje \u010cmel\u00ednsk\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd nezajistil dostatek materi\u00e1lu na bedn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0vyztu\u017een\u00ed budouc\u00ed stoky, a\u010dkoli byl upozor\u0148ov\u00e1n na hroz\u00edc\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Na konci 19.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed se za\u010dali d\u011bln\u00edci sdru\u017eovat ve vlastn\u00edch oborov\u00fdch organizac\u00edch, celost\u00e1tn\u00edch\u00a0i\u00a0lok\u00e1ln\u00edch, jejich\u017e hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem bylo spole\u010dn\u011b prosazovat vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy. D\u011bln\u00edci v\u00a0Praze 7 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nez\u016fst\u00e1vali pozadu. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdej\u0161\u00edm spolkem byla D\u011blnick\u00e1 beseda, kter\u00e1 byla zalo\u017eena v\u00a0kv\u011btnu 1895. Politicky m\u011bl tento spolek bl\u00edzko\u00a0k\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 stran\u011b, kladl si za c\u00edl pozvednout d\u011blnictvo zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblasti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0obecn\u011b osv\u011bty. Tomu odpov\u00eddal i\u00a0jeho\u00a0program \u2013 po\u0159\u00e1dal besedy, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0dubnu 1896 p\u0159ipravil pro sv\u00e9 \u010dleny p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem O\u00a0pokroku lidu. V\u00a0\u010dervnu 1898 z\u0159\u00eddil\u00a0spolek v\u00a0hostinci U\u00a0Lva vlastn\u00ed \u010d\u00edt\u00e1rnu, \u201ekde jsou ve\u0161ker\u00e9 d\u011blnick\u00e9 \u010dasopisy k\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\r\n<p>D\u011blnick\u00e1 beseda byla orientovan\u00e1 na v\u0161echny d\u011bln\u00edky, v\u00a0Praze 7 ov\u0161em existovaly i\u00a0spolky h\u00e1j\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1jmy konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch profes\u00ed. Byly zakl\u00e1d\u00e1ny m\u00edstn\u00ed pobo\u010dky celon\u00e1rodn\u00edch profesn\u00edch a\u00a0pozd\u011bji odborov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad zam\u011bstnanci zdej\u0161\u00edch pek\u00e1ren se\u00a0sdru\u017eovali v\u00a0Organizaci peka\u0159sk\u00e9ho d\u011blnictva\u00a0v\u00a0Praze VII.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/osvetou-k-blahobytu-ii\/01-zahradni-pevecka-a-tanecni-zabava-pekarsti-delnici-p7-u-zalte-palmy-1-6-02\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52618\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/01-zahradn\u00ed-p\u011bveck\u00e1-a-tane\u010dn\u00ed-z\u00e1bava-peka\u0159\u0161t\u00ed-d\u011bln\u00edci-P7-U-Zalt\u00e9-palmy-1.6.-02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1169\" height=\"613\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-52618 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/01-zahradn\u00ed-p\u011bveck\u00e1-a-tane\u010dn\u00ed-z\u00e1bava-peka\u0159\u0161t\u00ed-d\u011bln\u00edci-P7-U-Zalt\u00e9-palmy-1.6.-02.jpg 1169w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/01-zahradn\u00ed-p\u011bveck\u00e1-a-tane\u010dn\u00ed-z\u00e1bava-peka\u0159\u0161t\u00ed-d\u011bln\u00edci-P7-U-Zalt\u00e9-palmy-1.6.-02-600x315.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/01-zahradn\u00ed-p\u011bveck\u00e1-a-tane\u010dn\u00ed-z\u00e1bava-peka\u0159\u0161t\u00ed-d\u011bln\u00edci-P7-U-Zalt\u00e9-palmy-1.6.-02-768x403.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1169px) 100vw, 1169px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\r\n<em>D\u011blnick\u00e9 spolky \u010dasto po\u0159\u00e1daly nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1bavy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely v\u00edtan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy do spolkov\u00fdch pokladen. Obl\u00edben\u00fdm m\u00edstem kon\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto akc\u00ed byl restaurant U\u00a0Zlat\u00e9 palmy, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1zel v\u00a0dom\u011b \u010d. p. 393 na rohu dne\u0161n\u00edch ulic Milady Hor\u00e1kov\u00e9 a\u00a0Ha\u0161kova.<\/em><br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Tramvaje nejezd\u00ed<\/strong><br \/>\r\nSt\u00e1vkov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed pokra\u010dovalo i\u00a0v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch letech. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 okolnosti prov\u00e1zely protest \u010d\u00e1sti d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0z\u0159\u00edzenc\u016f Elektrick\u00fdch podnik\u016f kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy v\u00a0roce 1907. Tato spole\u010dnost tehdy zaji\u0161\u0165ovala provoz tramvaj\u00ed a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na v\u00fdrobu elektrick\u00e9 energie v\u00a0hole\u0161ovick\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b, tzv. Centr\u00e1le (zbytky are\u00e1lu elektr\u00e1rny jsou dodnes patrn\u00e9 v\u00a0Partyz\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ulici).<\/p>\r\n<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku toho roku odevzdala deputace z\u00e1stupc\u016f d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f sv\u00e9 po\u017eadavky spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rad\u011b podniku. \u017d\u00e1dali p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed mezd o\u00a020&nbsp;% a\u00a0\u00fapravu, respektive zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby nebo prodlou\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed lh\u016fty. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch argument\u016f d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f byl fakt, \u017ee podnik byl ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b ziskov\u00fd, na p\u0159et\u0159es tak\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161ly v\u00fdd\u011blky \u010dlen\u016f spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rady.<\/p>\r\n<p>Veden\u00ed podniku se k\u00a0po\u017eadavk\u016fm stav\u011blo sp\u00ed\u0161e odm\u00edtav\u011b s\u00a0poukazem na pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 vylep\u0161en\u00ed mezd a\u00a0pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek u\u00a0p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jubilea deseti let existence podniku na podzim t\u00e9ho\u017e roku. Koncem \u010dervna se \u010d\u00e1st d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f p\u0159esto rozhodla, \u017ee vstoup\u00ed do st\u00e1vky. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee elektrick\u00e9 podniky byly m\u011bstskou firmou, dostala cel\u00e1 v\u011bc politick\u00fd rozm\u011br. K\u00a0protestu se nakonec p\u0159ipojilo 76 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jej zah\u00e1jili dne 28.&nbsp;\u010dervna. St\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00ed byli zejm\u00e9na p\u0159\u00edvr\u017eenci soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany, je\u017e protest vehementn\u011b podporovala. Jeho nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projevem bylo zastaven\u00ed provozu v\u011bt\u0161iny tramvaj\u00ed. St\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00ed ale sklidili kritiku od n\u00e1rodn\u011b orientovan\u00e9ho d\u011blnictva, respektive od tisku, kter\u00fd z\u00e1jmy t\u00e9to skupiny h\u00e1jil. St\u00e1vka se toti\u017e kryla s\u00a0kon\u00e1n\u00edm v\u0161esokolsk\u00e9ho sletu, jen\u017e byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za demonstraci n\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edly a\u00a0jednoty.<\/p>\r\n<p>Rozr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed se s\u00ed\u0165 tramvaj\u00ed se m\u011bla st\u00e1t v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem do logistiky cel\u00e9 akce \u2013 na cvi\u010di\u0161t\u011b na Letn\u00e9 bylo t\u0159eba p\u0159epravovat tis\u00edce cvi\u010denc\u016f i\u00a0div\u00e1k\u016f. Veden\u00ed Elektrick\u00fdch podnik\u016f ov\u0161em zareagovalo\u00a0s\u00a0neobvyklou razanc\u00ed: v\u00a0rychlosti v\u0161e p\u0159eorganizovalo, k\u00a0v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce st\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00edch byly p\u0159esunuty i\u00a0kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edly a\u00a0krizi se pak poda\u0159ilo za\u017eehnat. Den\u00edk \u010cas to tehdy okomentoval n\u00e1sledovn\u011b: \u201eTak\u00e9 vrchn\u00ed ing. Nov\u00e1k, profesor na \u010desk\u00e9 technice, m\u00e1 od m\u011bsta ro\u010dn\u011b 13&nbsp;880&nbsp;K\u010d ro\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu, co\u017e ale nikterak mu nevadilo, aby vzal prvn\u00ed p\u0159i vypuknut\u00ed st\u00e1vky do ruky lopatu a\u00a0po\u0161kodil t\u00edm akci uboh\u00e9ho d\u011bln\u00edka, jen\u017e se sedmi\u00a0zlat\u00fdmi t\u00fddenn\u00ed mzdy nen\u00ed spokojen.\u201c St\u00e1vka\u00a0v\u00a0Elektrick\u00fdch podnic\u00edch skon\u010dila pon\u011bkud netradi\u010dn\u011b \u2013 v\u0161ech v\u00edce ne\u017e sedm des\u00edtek st\u00e1vkuj\u00edc\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f bylo propu\u0161t\u011bno.<\/p>\r\n<p>\u010c\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed popularitu si mezi d\u011bln\u00edky\u00a0z\u00edsk\u00e1valy oslavy Sv\u00e1tku pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00fd se v\u00a0Praze p\u0159ipom\u00ednal ji\u017e od roku 1890. Prvom\u00e1jov\u00e9 akce nez\u0159\u00eddka doprov\u00e1zely v\u00fdtr\u017enosti, proto b\u00fdvala\u00a0shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b dost ost\u0159e st\u0159e\u017eena polici\u00ed. V\u00fdjimkou nebyl ani rok 1904, kdy v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159i tis\u00edcovky d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f m\u00ed\u0159ily na jedno z\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00edch m\u00edst, kde se Prvn\u00ed m\u00e1j slavil \u2013 na ostrov Velk\u00e9 Ben\u00e1tky (\u0160tvanice). Kdy\u017e dav n\u011bkolika stovek d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0Dejvic a\u00a0Buben\u010de cestou m\u00edjel tov\u00e1rnu na pr\u00e1dlo Joss a\u00a0L\u00f6wenstein (na rohu dne\u0161n\u00edch ulic Franti\u0161ka K\u0159\u00ed\u017eka a\u00a0Milady Hor\u00e1kov\u00e9) a\u00a0zjistil, \u017ee se zde i\u00a0ve sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed den pracuje, spustil pok\u0159ik \u201ehanba\u201c. Z\u00a0davu tak\u00e9 vyl\u00e9tlo n\u011bkolik kamen\u016f, kter\u00e9 rozbily dv\u011b mal\u00e9\u00a0a\u00a0t\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed okenn\u00ed tabule. Samotn\u00e1 manifestace, na n\u00ed\u017e promluvil\u00a0k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00fd poslanec \u0158\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9 rady (rakousk\u00e9ho parlamentu) Ludv\u00edk Aust (1863\u20131924), u\u017e prob\u011bhla bez v\u00fdtr\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/osvetou-k-blahobytu-ii\/02-ludvik-aust-poslanec-socialni-demokrat-kladno-07\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52617\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/02-Ludv\u00edk-Aust-poslanec-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed-demokrat-Kladno-07-673x1000.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"951\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-52617 size-large\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/02-Ludv\u00edk-Aust-poslanec-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed-demokrat-Kladno-07-673x1000.jpg 673w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/02-Ludv\u00edk-Aust-poslanec-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed-demokrat-Kladno-07-269x400.jpg 269w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/02-Ludv\u00edk-Aust-poslanec-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed-demokrat-Kladno-07-768x1142.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/02-Ludv\u00edk-Aust-poslanec-soci\u00e1ln\u00ed-demokrat-Kladno-07.jpg 951w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\r\n<em>Mezi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u0159e\u010dn\u00edky na d\u011blnick\u00fdch demonstrac\u00edch pat\u0159il poslanec rakousk\u00e9ho parlamentu za volebn\u00ed obvod Kladno Ludv\u00edk Aust (1863\u20131924)<br \/>\r\n<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p><strong><br \/>\r\nSt\u0159elba v\u00a0Hole\u0161ovic\u00edch<\/strong><br \/>\r\nV\u00a0prvn\u00edch letech 20.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed se vedle neutuchaj\u00edc\u00edch protest\u016f za vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mzdy a\u00a0lep\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu i\u00a0ot\u00e1zky nav\u00fdsost politick\u00e9. V\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b boj za v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 a\u00a0rovn\u00e9 volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo. B\u011bhem roku 1905 se pod veden\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany konalo n\u011bkolik demonstrac\u00ed s\u00a0jednozna\u010dn\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem \u2013 zru\u0161it dosavadn\u00ed syst\u00e9m voleb podle kuri\u00ed (volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo odvozen\u00e9 od v\u00fd\u0161e dan\u00ed z\u00a0v\u00fdd\u011blku) a\u00a0p\u0159iznat mo\u017enost pod\u00edlet se na spr\u00e1v\u011b v\u011bc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch\u00a0v\u0161em bez rozd\u00edlu. Situace vygradovala na\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tku listopadu 1905, kdy se v\u00a0centru Prahy\u00a0i\u00a0na p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00edch konaly \u010detn\u00e9 demonstrace, kter\u00e9 doprov\u00e1zelo n\u00e1sil\u00ed a\u00a0poty\u010dky s\u00a0polici\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Nejinak tomu bylo i\u00a0v\u00a0Hole\u0161ovic\u00edch, kde ke\u00a0st\u0159etu mezi d\u011bln\u00edky a\u00a0ozbrojen\u00fdmi slo\u017ekami do\u0161lo v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd 7.&nbsp;listopadu. Toho dne okolo\u00a0poledne se za\u010dali srocovat d\u011bln\u00edci letensk\u00fdch\u00a0a\u00a0bubensk\u00fdch firem a\u00a0n\u011bkolik set demonstrant\u016f se shluklo p\u0159ed obchodem Mikul\u00e1\u0161e\u00a0Plze\u0148sk\u00e9ho v\u00a0Belcrediho ulici \u010d. 547\/57.<\/p>\r\n<p>Letensk\u00fd \u0159ezn\u00edk toti\u017e \u00fadajn\u011b kritizoval d\u011bln\u00edky a\u00a0jejich protesty a\u00a0doporu\u010doval rozehnat demonstranty st\u0159elbou. Plze\u0148sk\u00fd dokonce nechal vytisknout a\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it let\u00e1ky, kde tato obvin\u011bn\u00ed odm\u00edtal, ale nebylo mu to\u00a0nic platn\u00e9, nejdivo\u010dej\u0161\u00ed demonstranti rozbili\u00a0okna jeho obchodu. Z\u00a0Belcrediho t\u0159\u00eddy se pak mohutn\u00fd dav p\u0159esunul do B\u011blsk\u00e9ho t\u0159\u00eddy (dnes Dukelsk\u00fdch hrdin\u016f) a\u00a0za\u010d\u00ednalo b\u00fdt evidentn\u00ed, \u017ee rozezlen\u00ed protestuj\u00edc\u00ed se \u201echystaj\u00ed\u201c na policejn\u00ed stanici v\u00a0\u0160im\u00e1\u010dkov\u011b ulici. Mezit\u00edm u\u017e bylo povol\u00e1no \u010detnictvo, jeho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci p\u0159ehradili B\u011blsk\u00e9ho t\u0159\u00eddu u\u00a0tov\u00e1rny na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 stroje Umrath (na\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b dne\u0161n\u00edho hotelu Mama Shelter) a\u00a0domu \u010d. p. 903. Na tento kordon se okam\u017eit\u011b snesla\u00a0nejen spr\u0161ka kamen\u00ed ze shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9ho davu, ale\u00a0i\u00a0\u0161rouby a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed kovov\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 h\u00e1zeli na policisty zam\u011bstnanci z\u00a0budovy tov\u00e1rny Umrath. Vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed se z\u00a0oken tov\u00e1rny dokonce ozvaly v\u00fdst\u0159ely. \u010cetn\u00edci pot\u00e9 sejmuli z\u00a0ramen pu\u0161ky a\u00a0vyp\u00e1lili naslepo n\u011bkolik ran. Mezi shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdmi d\u011bln\u00edky nastala panika, \u010d\u00e1st z\u00a0nich se rozprchla. K\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situace byla povol\u00e1na i\u00a0arm\u00e1da \u2013 z\u00a0kon\u00edren na V\u00fdstavi\u0161ti sem dorazili dragouni z\u00a0pluku \u010d. 73, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0hole\u0161ovick\u00fdch ulic\u00edch rozh\u00e1n\u011bli zbyl\u00e9 hlou\u010dky protestuj\u00edc\u00edch. I\u00a0tak se ale \u010d\u00e1sti demonstrant\u016f poda\u0159ilo \u201eza\u00fato\u010dit\u201c na d\u016fm obecn\u00edho star\u0161\u00edho (zastupitele) V\u00e1clava Varva\u017eovsk\u00e9ho v\u00a0Dobrovsk\u00e9ho ulici a\u00a0vydrancov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0ohro\u017een\u00ed politikovy rodiny zabr\u00e1nil jen v\u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1sah dragoun\u016f.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/osvetou-k-blahobytu-ii\/03_foto-archiv\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-52619\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/03_foto-archiv-1500x964.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"411\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-52619 size-large\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/03_foto-archiv-1500x964.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/03_foto-archiv-600x386.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/03_foto-archiv-768x494.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\r\n<em>Vojsko hl\u00eddkuje p\u0159ed tov\u00e1rnou Umrath v&nbsp;Hole\u0161ovic\u00edch po nepokoj\u00edch v&nbsp;listopadu 1905<\/em><br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>Doslova o\u010dit\u00fdmi sv\u011bdky t\u011bchto sc\u00e9n se stali\u00a0i\u00a0vysoc\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci pra\u017esk\u00e9ho m\u00edstodr\u017eitelstv\u00ed, hrabata Hoyes a\u00a0Boss-Waldek, je\u017e na inspekci vyslal jejich \u0161\u00e9f m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed Karel Maria hrab\u011b Coudenhove. Oba \u0161lechtici tak tak unikli hn\u011bvu rozv\u00e1\u0161n\u011bn\u00e9ho davu. P\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm uprchli na slu\u017eebnu hole\u0161ovick\u00fdch \u010detn\u00edk\u016f, odkud o\u00a0ud\u00e1lostech telefonicky referovali na m\u00edstodr\u017eitelstv\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>C\u00edsa\u0159 nakonec podlehl tlaku ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho Rakouska a\u00a0v\u00a0lednu 1907 podepsal z\u00e1kony, je\u017e p\u0159inesly mo\u017enost voleb pro v\u0161echny ob\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hli v\u011bku 24 let. \u017den se ale mo\u017enost volit t\u00fdkala sp\u00ed\u0161e teoreticky, volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo pro n\u011b bylo uz\u00e1kon\u011bno a\u017e po vzniku republiky v\u00a0roce 1918.<\/p>\r\n<p>I\u00a0p\u0159es tento \u00fasp\u011bch pokra\u010dovaly boje\u00a0(nejen) hole\u0161ovick\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f za lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed\u00a0podm\u00ednky i\u00a0v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch. V\u00edce se o\u00a0nich dozv\u00edme v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm \u010d\u00edsle.\u00a0<br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[perex] Postupem doby a\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edm, jak rostlo sebev\u011bdom\u00ed i\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fd vliv d\u011blnictva, prom\u011b\u0148ovaly se tak\u00e9 jeho po\u017eadavky. Velkou roli i\u00a0nad\u00e1le hr\u00e1la ot\u00e1zka mezd,\u00a0ale do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu se dost\u00e1valy i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed aspekty pr\u00e1ce d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f \u2013 ot\u00e1zky volna (tzv. ned\u011bln\u00ed klid), bezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u00farazov\u00e9 i\u00a0zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b i\u00a0politick\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. [\/perex] K&nbsp;z\u00e1sahu proti eventu\u00e1ln\u00edm nepokoj\u016fm byly p\u0159ipraveny [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":52620,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52615"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/76"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52615"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52615\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52626,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52615\/revisions\/52626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/52620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52615"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}