    
{"id":45330,"date":"2021-01-27T13:01:47","date_gmt":"2021-01-27T12:01:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/?p=45330"},"modified":"2021-01-27T13:01:47","modified_gmt":"2021-01-27T12:01:47","slug":"obtizny-brouk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/obtizny-brouk\/","title":{"rendered":"Obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd Brouk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[perex]<\/p>\r\n<p>\u010cesk\u00e1 literatura zn\u00e1 m\u00e1lo tak podiv\u00ednsk\u00fdch zjev\u016f, jak\u00fdm byl Bohuslav Brouk (1912\u20131978). Jedna z\u00a0nejorigin\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch osobnost\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 avantgardy a\u00a0boh\u00e9my dodnes fascinuje svou schopnost\u00ed vybo\u010dit, j\u00edt proti proudu, nep\u0159izp\u016fsobit sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor p\u0159ijat\u00fdm konvenc\u00edm. \u201eBrouk byl velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Tak\u00e9 proto jsem\u00a0ho m\u011bl r\u00e1d,\u201c vzpom\u00ednal na sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele b\u00e1sn\u00edk Franti\u0161ek Listopad.\u00a0Pronikav\u00fdm my\u0161len\u00edm prost\u00fdm jak\u00e9koli\u00a0idealizace provokoval Brouk ve sv\u00fdch textech\u00a0b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota a\u00a0provokuje jimi dodnes.<\/p>\r\n<p>[\/perex]<\/p>\r\n<p><em>Bohuslav Brouk napsal \u0159adu knih, zde ob\u00e1lka knihy\u00a0Stoupa \u017eivota z\u00a0roku 1938, je\u017e vytvo\u0159ila Toyen<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Bohuslav Brouk se narodil 19.\u00a0listopadu\u00a01912 v\u00a0Praze do dob\u0159e situovan\u00e9 rodiny Jaroslava Brouka (1884\u20131953), spoluzakladatele zn\u00e1m\u00e9\u00a0s\u00edt\u011b obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f Brouk a\u00a0Babka, a\u00a0Josefy\u00a0Broukov\u00e9 (rozen\u00e9 Pa\u0159\u00edzkov\u00e9, 1889\u20131939). Z\u00a0matri\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1znam\u016f farnosti p\u0159i kostele sv. Anton\u00edna v\u00a0Hole\u0161ovic\u00edch zjist\u00edme, \u017ee tou dobou rodina bydlela v\u00a0nedalek\u00e9 Veverkov\u011b\u00a0ulici\u00a0\u010d.p. 729. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed doch\u00e1zky na obecn\u00e9 \u0161kole nastoupil Bohuslav ve \u0161koln\u00edm roce 1923\/1924 na Druh\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 gymn\u00e1zium v\u00a0Praze (dnes Gymn\u00e1zium Ji\u0159\u00edho Gutha-Jarkovsk\u00e9ho), kter\u00e9 ov\u0161em nedokon\u010dil. Po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m intermezzu na pra\u017esk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 \u0161kole za\u010dal na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed otce studovat obchodn\u00ed akademii v\u00a0Karl\u00edn\u011b, kde v\u00a0roce 1931 odmaturoval. Kv\u016fli z\u00e1jmu o\u00a0studium medic\u00edny slo\u017eil o\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji jako extern\u00ed student zkou\u0161ku dosp\u011blosti je\u0161t\u011b na klatovsk\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b \u010desk\u00e9 avantgardy<\/strong><br \/>\r\nKari\u00e9ru v\u00a0rodinn\u00e9 firm\u011b Bohuslav Brouk odm\u00edtl a\u00a0dal p\u0159ednost \u0161irok\u00e9mu spektru m\u00f3dn\u00edch dobov\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f\u00a0\u2013 od psychologie p\u0159es filozofii k\u00a0literatu\u0159e. Je\u0161t\u011b jako gymnazista se nadchl\u00a0pro psychoanal\u00fdzu. Sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed texty a\u00a0p\u0159eklady\u00a0na t\u00e9ma Freudova u\u010den\u00ed otiskl v\u00a0Revue Dev\u011btsilu nebo v\u00a0\u010dasopisu Tvorba. Bylo mu pouh\u00fdch sedmn\u00e1ct let, kdy\u017e se dostal do kontaktu\u00a0se star\u0161\u00edmi budouc\u00edmi kolegy a\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1teli z\u00a0\u0159ad \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 avantgardy. Do jejich okruhu jej \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159ivedl o\u00a0dvan\u00e1ct let star\u0161\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edk V\u00edt\u011bzslav Nezval. Brouk se st\u00fdkal prakticky se v\u0161emi, kdo v\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m avantgardn\u00edm hnut\u00ed n\u011bco znamenali\u00a0\u2013 Jind\u0159ichem \u0160tyrsk\u00fdm, Toyen, Konstantinem Bieblem, Vladim\u00edrem Holanem a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdtvarn\u00edky, spisovateli, architekty, hudebn\u00edky nebo teoretiky.<\/p>\r\n<p>Vysed\u00e1val s\u00a0nimi po r\u016fzn\u00fdch kav\u00e1rn\u00e1ch, hospod\u00e1ch, ale \u010dasto je br\u00e1val tak\u00e9 do sv\u00e9ho rozlehl\u00e9ho bytu. Ten se nach\u00e1zel nedaleko Letensk\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b v\u00a0dom\u011b na adrese V\u00a0Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed 8 (dnes Ha\u0161kova, d\u0159\u00edve tak\u00e9 R\u00f6sslerova), kter\u00fd koupila spole\u010dnost Brouk\u00a0a\u00a0Babka a\u00a0z\u0159\u00eddila zde prodejnu motocykl\u016f a\u00a0velociped\u016f. V\u00a0byt\u011b m\u011bl Brouk rozs\u00e1hlou sb\u00edrku modern\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed, obrazy Emila Filly, Jana Zrzav\u00e9ho, Toyen nebo Jind\u0159icha \u0160tyrsk\u00e9ho. Spisovatel Jan Pila\u0159\u00a0v\u00a0knize Slune\u010dn\u00ed hodiny: vzpom\u00ednky (1989) l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed\u00a0sv\u00e9 dojmy z\u00a0Broukova bytu slovy: \u201eVe velk\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, sp\u00ed\u0161e s\u00e1le, byly na v\u0161ech st\u011bn\u00e1ch pov\u011b\u0161eny v\u00a0n\u011bkolika \u0159ad\u00e1ch obrazy od stropu a\u017e k\u00a0podlaze. Bylo to \u00fachvatn\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 modern\u00ed malby. Soukrom\u00e1 galerie, kter\u00e9 se patrn\u011b v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b m\u00e1loco vyrovnalo.\u201c Mecen\u00e1\u0161em um\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00e1tel, se Brouk mohl st\u00e1t d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu rodinn\u00e9mu z\u00e1zem\u00ed. Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let byla toti\u017e spole\u010dnost Brouk a\u00a0Babka na sv\u00e9m ekonomick\u00e9m vrcholu. Provozovala \u0159adu velk\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f, tzv. Brouk\u00e1ren, krom\u011b Prahy tak\u00e9 v\u00a0Brn\u011b, Liberci, Bratislav\u011b nebo Ostrav\u011b. V\u016fbec prvn\u00ed velk\u00fd obchodn\u00ed d\u016fm Brouk a\u00a0Babka byl otev\u0159en roku 1919 a\u00a0st\u00e1val na Belcrediho t\u0159\u00edd\u011b (dnes Milady Hor\u00e1kov\u00e9\u00a064). Nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ale nav\u017edy z\u016fstane B\u00edl\u00e1 labu\u0165, kter\u00e1 se do t\u00e9to s\u00edt\u011b modern\u00edch center n\u00e1kupu\u00a0za\u0159adila\u00a0o\u00a0dvacet let pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/obtizny-brouk\/brouk-a-babka-ul-v-zatisi-praha-7\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45336\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Brouk-a-Babka-ul.-V-Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed-Praha-7-1500x918.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"392\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-45336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Brouk-a-Babka-ul.-V-Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed-Praha-7-1500x918.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Brouk-a-Babka-ul.-V-Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed-Praha-7-600x367.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Brouk-a-Babka-ul.-V-Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed-Praha-7-768x470.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Brouk-a-Babka-ul.-V-Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed-Praha-7.jpg 1820w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><em>Prodejna motocykl\u016f a&nbsp;velociped\u016f v\u00a0ulici V\u00a0Z\u00e1ti\u0161\u00ed, dnes Ha\u0161kova<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Provokativn\u00ed myslitel<\/strong><br \/>\r\nV\u00a0roce 1932 nastoupil Brouk na L\u00e9ka\u0159skou\u00a0fakultu Univerzity Karlovy v\u00a0Praze, kde se cht\u011bl\u00a0v\u011bnovat psychiatrii, p\u0159esn\u011bji psychoanal\u00fdze. Vydr\u017eel zde ale pouze dva semestry a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159e\u0161el na katedru biologie P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakulty UK. Je\u0161t\u011b b\u011bhem studi\u00ed medic\u00edny, tedy jako dvacetilet\u00fd, vydal svoji prvn\u00ed knihu o\u00a0psychoanal\u00fdze (Psychoanalysa). N\u00e1sledovalo n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch text\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e se v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornosti dostalo eseji O\u00a0smrti, l\u00e1sce a\u00a0\u017e\u00e1rlivosti (1936) pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed o\u00a0fenom\u00e9nu sebevra\u017edy. Nezaujat\u00fd vhled do p\u0159ihr\u00e1dky lidsk\u00e9 du\u0161e, kde se rod\u00ed my\u0161lenky na dobrovolnou smrt, v\u0161ak zp\u016fsobil, \u017ee prvn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed knihy bylo kv\u016fli \u201eve\u0159ejn\u00e9mu podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed ke zlo\u010dinu\u201c soudn\u011b zabaveno.<\/p>\r\n<p>Brouk\u016fv z\u00e1jem se v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b ale neomezoval pouze na texty o\u00a0psychoanal\u00fdze, aktivn\u011b za\u010dal\u00a0tak\u00e9 vystupovat na obhajobu surrealistick\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo n\u011bkter\u00fdmi psychiatry napad\u00e1no jako\u017eto patologick\u00fd jev. Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho \u0160tyrsk\u00e9ho textu Emilie p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed ke mn\u011b ve snu (1933) doprovodil Brouk doslovem, ve kter\u00e9m obhajuje pornofiln\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla\u00a0p\u0159ed pokryteckou m\u011b\u0161\u0165\u00e1ckou mor\u00e1lkou, je\u017e ov\u0161em sama t\u00edhne k\u00a0adoraci pornografick\u00fdch k\u00fd\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\r\n<p>V\u00a0roce 1934 se Brouk stal tak\u00e9 jedn\u00edm ze zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f Skupiny surrealist\u016f v\u00a0\u010cSR. Netrvalo dlouho a\u00a0op\u011bt potvrdil svoji pov\u011bst enfant terrible \u010desk\u00e9 avantgardy. V\u00a0roce 1936 se konaly velkolep\u00e9 oslavy k\u00a0st\u00e9mu v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed M\u00e1je, proti nim\u017e se \u010deskosloven\u0161t\u00ed surrealist\u00e9 vymezili sborn\u00edkem Ani labu\u0165, ani l\u016fna. S\u00a0nejost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed kritikou vystoupil pr\u00e1v\u011b Brouk, kter\u00fd protestoval proti zbo\u017e\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9mu uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed g\u00e9ni\u016f a\u00a0d\u00e1le poukazoval na v\u0161elijak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u017eivn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed si \u201ez\u00a0nadbytku \u010dasu a\u00a0nedostatku jin\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed vzali za \u00fakol slou\u017eiti M\u00e1chovi do\u017eivotn\u011b, a\u00a0vybudovati si tak na sl\u00e1v\u011b M\u00e1chov\u011b svoji kari\u00e9ru\u201c (z\u00a0textu M\u00e1ch\u016fv kult). Od m\u00e1chologa Karla Jansk\u00e9ho si t\u00edmto vyslou\u017eil \u017ealobu pro ur\u00e1\u017eku na cti. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozsudku byla n\u00e1sledn\u011b publikace konfiskov\u00e1na a\u00a0vyti\u0161t\u011bno druh\u00e9, opraven\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Na P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e9 fakult\u011b UK promoval Brouk v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu 1937. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sil ke studiu estetiky na Filozofick\u00e9 fakult\u011b UK, kter\u00e9 ukon\u010dil po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce rigor\u00f3zn\u00ed zkou\u0161kou ze sociologie, filozofie a\u00a0estetiky. Nad\u00e1le z\u016fstal aktivn\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 publika\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti. Nam\u00e1tkou m\u016f\u017eeme zm\u00ednit eseje\u00a0O\u00a0funkc\u00edch pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0osobitosti, Stoupa \u017eivota (ob\u011b 1938) nebo Strach z\u00a0oddechu: \u00favaha o\u00a0negativn\u00edm smyslu lidsk\u00e9 aktivity (1939), ve kter\u00e9 kritizuje koncept pracovitosti, nebo\u0165 \u201eto, co tak mnoh\u00e9 lidi \u017eene z\u00a0pr\u00e1ce do pr\u00e1ce, je hr\u016fza p\u0159ed sebepozn\u00e1n\u00edm\u201c.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Bonviv\u00e1n Sl\u00e1va<\/strong><br \/>\r\nB\u011bhem v\u00e1lky se nechal Brouk zam\u011bstnat jako estetick\u00fd poradce v\u00a0nov\u011b otev\u0159en\u00e9m obchodn\u00edm dom\u011b B\u00edl\u00e1 labu\u0165. I\u00a0p\u0159es sv\u016fj sv\u00e9r\u00e1zn\u00fd n\u00e1zor na institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u0159etavil v\u00a0text Man\u017eelstv\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 sanatorium pro m\u00e9n\u011bcenn\u00e9 (1937), se v\u00a0roce 1940 o\u017eenil s\u00a0Miroslavou \u201e\u00c1\u0165ou\u201c Bulovovou (1917\u20131994), sestrou man\u017eelky Konstantina Biebla Marie. Brzo se stal otcem dvou syn\u016f, Ivan p\u0159i\u0161el na sv\u011bt rok po svatb\u011b a\u00a0Vladim\u00edr o\u00a0\u010dty\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/obtizny-brouk\/bohuslav-brouk-s-manzelkou-miroslavou-40-leta\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45333\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelkou-Miroslavou-40.-leta.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1116\" height=\"815\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-45333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelkou-Miroslavou-40.-leta.jpg 1116w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelkou-Miroslavou-40.-leta-548x400.jpg 548w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelkou-Miroslavou-40.-leta-768x561.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1116px) 100vw, 1116px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><em>Bohuslav se svou prvn\u00ed man\u017eelkou Miroslavou, 40.&nbsp;l\u00e9ta<br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>V\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dase mezi osvobozen\u00edm republiky a\u00a0\u00fanorem 1948 Brouk ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u016fsobil jako politick\u00fd koment\u00e1tor, a\u00a0za\u0159adil se tak mezi osobnosti typu V\u00e1clava \u010cern\u00e9ho nebo Ferdinanda Peroutky. Obnovil tak\u00e9 svoji koketerii s\u00a0KS\u010c (prvn\u011b v\u00a0sob\u011b sympatie ke komunismu objevil v\u00a0dob\u011b gymnazijn\u00edch studi\u00ed, kdy za nimi m\u016f\u017eeme hledat vliv kamar\u00e1d\u016f a\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fd vzdor v\u016f\u010di bur\u017eoazn\u00edm rodi\u010d\u016fm)\u00a0a\u00a0dokonce se stal \u0161\u00e9fem obvodn\u00ed stranick\u00e9 bu\u0148ky. Brzy v\u0161ak s\u00e1m poznal sv\u016fj omyl a\u00a0rozlou\u010dil se se stranou dopisem, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee z\u00a0jej\u00edch \u0159ad vystupuje. Jeho rezignace v\u0161ak nebyla p\u0159ijata a\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u011b byl vylou\u010den.<\/p>\r\n<p>Jako jeden z\u00a0prvn\u00edch za\u010dal publikovat p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, ve kter\u00fdch brilantn\u011b odhaloval komunistickou ideologii a\u00a0praxi. P\u0159\u00edteli architektu Karlu Honz\u00edkovi napsal, \u017ee \u201esv\u011bt bude takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd si jej ud\u011bl\u00e1me, a\u00a0je trapn\u00fd pohled na intelektu\u00e1ly, kte\u0159\u00ed jen trpn\u011b registruj\u00ed potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody\u201c. Za sv\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky byl komunisty ost\u0159e napad\u00e1n. Nen\u00ed tedy p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee po komunistick\u00e9m p\u0159evratu byl jedn\u00edm z\u00a0prvn\u00edch vylou\u010den\u00fdch ze Syndik\u00e1tu \u010desk\u00fdch spisovatel\u016f ani \u017ee mu vzhledem k\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00ed aktivit\u011b hrozilo zat\u010den\u00ed. Osudy popraven\u00e9ho Z\u00e1vi\u0161e Kalandry a\u00a0ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed Karla Teiga nebo Konstantina Biebla nazna\u010duj\u00ed, jak by to asi i\u00a0s\u00a0Broukem dopadlo. I\u00a0to jej dost mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159im\u011blo k\u00a0emigraci.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Emigrace<\/strong><br \/>\r\nP\u0159esn\u00e9 datum, m\u00edsto a\u00a0bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed okolnosti Broukova p\u0159echodu st\u00e1tn\u00ed hranice sm\u011brem do americk\u00e9 okupa\u010dn\u00ed z\u00f3ny na bavorsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed nejsou zn\u00e1my. Je v\u0161ak pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee byl p\u0159eveden v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze skupin, je\u017e organizoval novin\u00e1\u0159 Josef Schrabal. Dle v\u00fdpov\u011bdi tehdy ji\u017e b\u00fdval\u00e9 man\u017eelky Miroslavy j\u00ed Brouk po\u010d\u00e1tkem dubna ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee se pojede pod\u00edvat do l\u00e1zn\u00ed B\u011bloves, kam v\u00a0minulosti \u010das od \u010dasu jezd\u00edval i\u00a0se \u0161vagrem Konstantinem Bieblem. Tam ale nikdy nedorazil a\u00a0naopak byl 5.\u00a0dubna\u00a01948 zaregistrov\u00e1n v\u00a0z\u00e1chytn\u00e9m t\u00e1bo\u0159e Goetheschule v\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00e9m \u0158eznu, kde stejn\u011b jako ve v\u0161ech obdobn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch na n\u011bmeck\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed panovaly velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku byl nedostatek potravin, o\u0161acen\u00ed i\u00a0l\u00e9k\u016f.<\/p>\r\n<p>V\u00a0kv\u011btnu 1948 obdr\u017eel Brouk na \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9m konzul\u00e1tu ve Frankfurtu nad Mohanem cestovn\u00ed pas a\u00a0v\u00a0prvn\u00edch \u010dervnov\u00fdch dnech se ocitl na francouzsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b\u00a0\u2013 bez man\u017eelky i\u00a0syn\u016f, kter\u00e9 zanechal v\u00a0komunistick\u00e9 domovin\u011b. Zakotvil v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, kde se anga\u017eoval v\u00a0Rad\u011b svobodn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska a\u00a0v\u00a0redakci Zpravodaje \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 emigrace, do kter\u00e9ho rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edval. St\u00fdkal se s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi emigranty, s\u00a0mal\u00ed\u0159kou Toyen \u010di b\u00e1sn\u00edkem Franti\u0161kem Listopadem. Spolupracoval s\u00a0novin\u00e1\u0159em a\u00a0politikem Hubertem Ripkou nebo s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm \u010desk\u00fdm v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdm teoretikem Franti\u0161kem Kov\u00e1rnou. P\u0159esto se zde c\u00edtil opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd. \u201eJde\u0161 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00ed bez c\u00edle, proto\u017ee svoboden,\u201c napsal ve sv\u00e9\u00a0b\u00e1sni\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Exil. V\u00a0cizin\u011b vydal pod pseudonymem Jan Vlas\u00e1k cyklus skeptick\u00fdch \u00favah o\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 civilizaci s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Dopisy z\u00a0exilu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm milenk\u00e1m (1949).<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Nov\u00fd domov<\/strong><br \/>\r\nPo ur\u010ditou dobu pob\u00fdval tak\u00e9 v\u00a0Lyonu, kde se \u017eivil manu\u00e1ln\u00ed prac\u00ed. Z\u00a0Francie se v\u0161ak sna\u017eil dostat za ka\u017edou cenu. Jako m\u00edsto sv\u00e9ho dal\u0161\u00edho p\u016fsoben\u00ed si vybral Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, ale jeho pl\u00e1ny ztroskotaly. Nakonec se v\u00a0\u00fanoru 1951 vydal na palub\u011b lodi Skaubryn do dalek\u00e9 Austr\u00e1lie. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b toti\u017e australsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da podporovala p\u0159\u00edliv imigrant\u016f, vypravovala lod\u011b s\u00a0evropsk\u00fdmi uprchl\u00edky, kter\u00fdm hradila cestu a\u00a0do za\u010d\u00e1tku jim poskytla i\u00a0symbolick\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed obnos. L\u00e9ta pro\u017eit\u00e1 v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii byla pro Brouka o\u00a0pozn\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161\u0165astn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jeho dva doktor\u00e1ty z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd a\u00a0filozofie mu v\u0161ak nebyly k\u00a0u\u017eitku a\u00a0i\u00a0zde se musel \u017eivit prac\u00ed pod svou odbornou \u00farovn\u00ed. Po epizod\u011b v\u00a0tov\u00e1rn\u011b na v\u00fdrobu plast\u016f nastoupil na m\u00edsto laboranta v\u00a0Commonwealth Serum Laboratories v\u00a0Parkville. Kr\u00e1tce po p\u0159\u00edjezdu se tu sezn\u00e1mil s\u00a0vychovatelkou Libu\u0161\u00ed Kalinovou (1922\u20131968), kter\u00e1 do Austr\u00e1lie p\u0159iplula ze Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Mimo jin\u00e9\u00a0i\u00a0z\u00a0ryze praktick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f (Bohuslav byl \u00fadajn\u011b ne\u0161ikovn\u00fd a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nepraktick\u00fd mu\u017e) s\u00a0n\u00ed vstupuje ve svazek man\u017eelsk\u00fd u\u017e v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed\u00a01951.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/obtizny-brouk\/bohuslav-brouk-s-manzelou-libusi-melbourne-asi-1954\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45335\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelou-Libu\u0161\u00ed-Melbourne-asi-1954-1500x902.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"385\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-45335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelou-Libu\u0161\u00ed-Melbourne-asi-1954-1500x902.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelou-Libu\u0161\u00ed-Melbourne-asi-1954-600x361.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelou-Libu\u0161\u00ed-Melbourne-asi-1954-768x462.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-s-man\u017eelou-Libu\u0161\u00ed-Melbourne-asi-1954.jpg 1594w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><em>Bohuslav s&nbsp;man\u017eelkou Libu\u0161\u00ed v&nbsp;Melbourne, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b rok 1954<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Z\u00a0hlediska liter\u00e1rn\u00edho bylo Broukovo australsk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed velmi plodn\u00e9. Bohu\u017eel se v\u0161ak v\u011bt\u0161ina tvorby nedochovala nebo je v\u00a0lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b doposud nezv\u011bstn\u00e1. V\u00fdjimkou je rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd filozofick\u00fd spis O\u00a0\u0161alb\u011b svobody a\u00a0filosofie: pojem svobody v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidsk\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed a\u00a0jeho pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam, na n\u011bm\u017e za\u010dal pracovat v\u00a0roce 1953 a\u00a0dokon\u010dil jej nedlouho po sv\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edjezdu do Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Tam se rozhodl (tentokr\u00e1t i\u00a0s\u00a0man\u017eelkou) p\u0159es\u00eddlit po sedmi letech str\u00e1ven\u00fdch v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii. A\u00a0to\u00a0i\u00a0p\u0159esto, \u017ee m\u011bl postar\u00e1no o\u00a0slu\u0161n\u00e9 \u017eivobyt\u00ed a\u00a0dokonce se stal naturalizovan\u00fdm Australanem. S\u00a0celkovou atmosf\u00e9rou v\u00a0zemi ale nebyl spokojen, nebo\u0165 v\u00a0porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0\u010ceskoslovenskem nebo Franci\u00ed p\u0159edstavovala Austr\u00e1lie st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b zaostalou spole\u010dnost, jak po str\u00e1nce materi\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kulturn\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Zp\u011bt v\u00a0Evrop\u011b<\/strong><br \/>\r\nLo\u010f s\u00a0Bohuslavem a\u00a0Libu\u0161\u00ed na palub\u011b p\u0159iplula k\u00a0b\u0159eh\u016fm Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed v\u00a0listopadu\u00a01958. Brouk z\u00edskal v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b m\u00edsto st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho pedagoga a\u00a0pozd\u011bji p\u016fsobil jako biolog na North Western Polytechnic. Tou dobou m\u011bl za sebou ji\u017e n\u011bkolik publika\u010dn\u00edch po\u010din\u016f, vydal nap\u0159\u00edklad sb\u00edrky Dvacet let svobody: 1945\u20131965 nebo Ohlasy b\u00e1sn\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch, kde parafr\u00e1zoval ver\u0161e p\u0159edn\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f. B\u011bhem roku 1967 za n\u00edm p\u0159ijeli na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu b\u00fdval\u00e1 man\u017eelka Miroslava se synem Ivanem a\u00a0o\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji jej nav\u0161t\u00edvil i\u00a0mlad\u0161\u00ed syn Vladim\u00edr.<\/p>\r\n<p>V\u00a0dubnu 1968 podlehla sv\u00fdm zdravotn\u00edm neduh\u016fm jeho druh\u00e1 \u017eena Libu\u0161e Broukov\u00e1. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9, p\u0159esn\u011bji po invazi vojsk Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy do \u010ceskoslovenska v\u00a0srpnu 1968, nab\u00eddl Brouk jej\u00ed sest\u0159e, aby za n\u00edm p\u0159ijela do Lond\u00fdna i\u00a0se svoj\u00ed nezletilou dcerou. Ludmila t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti vyu\u017eila a\u00a0nedlouho po sv\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edjezdu, 27.\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, byli s\u00a0Bohuslavem odd\u00e1ni. Jejich sou\u017eit\u00ed v\u0161ak netrvalo dlouho a\u00a0po p\u011bti letech se rozvedli. Mezit\u00edm, koncem roku 1970, prod\u011blal Brouk mozkovou p\u0159\u00edhodu, jej\u00ed\u017e n\u00e1sledky spo\u010d\u00edvaly v\u00a0jist\u00e9m omezen\u00ed pohybu a\u00a0mo\u017enosti ps\u00e1t.<\/p>\r\n<p>B\u011bhem l\u00e9ta 1972 se Broukovi naskytla p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost nav\u0161t\u00edvit \u010ceskoslovensko. Pocity ze sv\u00e9ho dvout\u00fddenn\u00edho pobytu shrnul v\u00a0dopise sv\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edteli profesorovi patologie Zde\u0148ku Hrubanovi, kter\u00fd emigroval do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, slovy: \u201eTo\u017e, vyjel jsem \u201adom\u016f\u2018 se sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdmi pocity a\u00a0se sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdmi pocity jsem se t\u00e9\u017e navr\u00e1til. Praha je, jak b\u00fdvala\u00a0\u2013 jenom \u0161pinav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zanedban\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, se\u0161l\u00e1.\u201c<\/p>\r\n<p>V\u00a0polovin\u011b sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let se Brouk\u016fv zdravotn\u00ed stav za\u010dal d\u00e1le zhor\u0161ovat. K\u00a0d\u016fsledk\u016fm nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho kou\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0cukrovce se p\u0159ipojily probl\u00e9my se zrakem. Pot\u00ed\u017ee se pozd\u011bji zkomplikovaly dopravn\u00ed nehodou, ke kter\u00e9 do\u0161lo nedlouho p\u0159ed jeho smrt\u00ed. Vedle celo\u017eivotn\u00edho pesimismu p\u0159isp\u00edval nav\u00edc ke zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho stavu i\u00a0pocit opu\u0161t\u011bnosti, kter\u00fd vzhledem ke sv\u00e9 neprakti\u010dnosti sn\u00e1\u0161el velmi t\u011b\u017ece. Bohuslav Brouk zem\u0159el ve sv\u00e9m nuzn\u00e9m mal\u00e9m byt\u011b na severn\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Lond\u00fdna na n\u00e1sledky krv\u00e1cen\u00ed do mozku 19.\u00a0ledna\u00a01978. Zcela p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011b bylo jeho t\u011blo nalezeno a\u017e n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed po \u00famrt\u00ed. Poh\u0159eb se pak uskute\u010dnil s\u00a0minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed, co\u017e odpov\u00eddalo jeho samot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u017eivotu.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Soudce kultury, um\u011bn\u00ed i\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho vkusu<\/strong><br \/>\r\nBohuslav Brouk b\u00fdv\u00e1 charakterizov\u00e1n jako jedna z\u00a0nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch person \u010desk\u00e9 meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 avantgardy, enfant terrible, bytostn\u00fd surrealista, fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed spisovatel nezpochybniteln\u00fdch liter\u00e1rn\u00edch kvalit a\u00a0nepr\u00e1vem zapomenut\u00fd autor, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch text\u016f dodnes nab\u00edz\u00ed velice neot\u0159el\u00fd pohled na okoln\u00ed sv\u011bt. Ji\u017e m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto je zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n jako introvert, cynismem a\u00a0skeps\u00ed zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed svou citlivou povahu, \u010di jako mu\u017e, kter\u00fd se s\u00a0odchodem do exilu nikdy vnit\u0159n\u011b nevyrovnal.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/obtizny-brouk\/bohuslav-brouk-nedatovano-pravdepodobne-rok-1943\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-45334\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-nedatov\u00e1no-pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b-rok-1943-282x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"282\" height=\"400\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-45334 size-medium\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-nedatov\u00e1no-pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b-rok-1943-282x400.jpg 282w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-nedatov\u00e1no-pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b-rok-1943-768x1089.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-nedatov\u00e1no-pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b-rok-1943-705x1000.jpg 705w, https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Bohuslav-Brouk-nedatov\u00e1no-pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b-rok-1943.jpg 879w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><em>Enfant terrible \u010desk\u00e9 meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 avantgardy Bohuslav Brouk, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b rok 1943<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[perex] \u010cesk\u00e1 literatura zn\u00e1 m\u00e1lo tak podiv\u00ednsk\u00fdch zjev\u016f, jak\u00fdm byl Bohuslav Brouk (1912\u20131978). Jedna z\u00a0nejorigin\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch osobnost\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 avantgardy a\u00a0boh\u00e9my dodnes fascinuje svou schopnost\u00ed vybo\u010dit, j\u00edt proti proudu, nep\u0159izp\u016fsobit sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor p\u0159ijat\u00fdm konvenc\u00edm. \u201eBrouk byl velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd. Tak\u00e9 proto jsem\u00a0ho m\u011bl r\u00e1d,\u201c vzpom\u00ednal na sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele b\u00e1sn\u00edk Franti\u0161ek Listopad.\u00a0Pronikav\u00fdm my\u0161len\u00edm prost\u00fdm jak\u00e9koli\u00a0idealizace provokoval Brouk ve sv\u00fdch [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":45331,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45330"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/76"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45330"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45330\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45338,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45330\/revisions\/45338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/45331"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}