{"id":37987,"date":"2020-05-25T16:10:13","date_gmt":"2020-05-25T14:10:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/?p=37987"},"modified":"2020-05-27T13:39:00","modified_gmt":"2020-05-27T11:39:00","slug":"umelkyni-muzum-navzdory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/umelkyni-muzum-navzdory\/","title":{"rendered":"Um\u011blkyn\u00ed mu\u017e\u016fm navzdory"},"content":{"rendered":"

[perex]<\/p>\r\n

Hole\u0161ovice a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Letn\u00e1 jsou m\u00edstem, kde sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu \u017eila a\u00a0tvo\u0159ila spousta slavn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Spisovatel V\u00e1clav \u0158ez\u00e1\u010d, mal\u00ed\u0159 Anton\u00edn Slav\u00ed\u010dek, socha\u0159 Otakar \u0160vec a\u00a0mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. V\u00a0nov\u00e9m seri\u00e1lu v\u00e1m p\u0159edstav\u00edme neopakovateln\u00e9 osudy n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0nich a\u00a0tak\u00e9 m\u00edsta na Sedmi\u010dce, je\u017e jsou s\u00a0nimi spjat\u00e1. Za\u010dneme p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem levicov\u011b a\u00a0feministicky orientovan\u00e9 \u017eeny intelektu\u00e1lky, kter\u00e1 musela o\u00a0sv\u016fj um\u011bleck\u00fd prostor ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b bojovat. I\u00a0p\u0159es svou bohatou tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed dr\u00e1hu se b\u011bhem \u017eivota do\u010dkala pouh\u00fdch t\u0159\u00ed autorsk\u00fdch v\u00fdstav, aby se jej\u00ed d\u00edla nakonec stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sb\u00edrek meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed u\u00a0n\u00e1s.<\/p>\r\n

[\/perex]<\/p>\r\n

Osud Vlasty Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9-Fischerov\u00e9
\r\n<\/strong>Vlasta Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e1-Fischerov\u00e1 se narodila roku 1898 do dob\u0159e situovan\u00e9 rodiny magistra farmacie Karla Vost\u0159ebala, toho \u010dasu v\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 osobnosti m\u011bsta Boskovice. P\u0159ed prvn\u00ed sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lkou se rodina p\u0159est\u011bhovala do Prahy. Ji\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed inklinovala Vlasta Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e1 k\u00a0v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9mu um\u011bn\u00ed. Studovala na Kresl\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 a\u00a0mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole pro d\u00e1my z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 p\u0159i st\u0159edn\u00ed Um\u011bleckopr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u0161kole v\u00a0Praze, v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b jedin\u00e9 instituci nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdm \u017een\u00e1m vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed na poli v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed. Ve 20. letech m\u011bla tato \u0161kola st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b statut st\u0159edn\u00ed odborn\u00e9 \u0161koly, dnes ji zn\u00e1me pod zkratkou V\u0160UP \u010di UMPRUM jako Vysokou \u0161kolu um\u011bleckopr\u016fmyslovou v\u00a0Praze. V\u00a0roce 1919 pak zah\u00e1jila studia na Akademii v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Praze, kde nav\u0161t\u011bvovala ateli\u00e9r mal\u00ed\u0159e Vojt\u011bcha Hynaise. Vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed ji\u017e p\u011bta\u0161edes\u00e1tilet\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017een\u00e9ho um\u011blce, tv\u016frce opony N\u00e1rodn\u00edho divadla, se nicm\u00e9n\u011b s\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00edm mlad\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed mal\u00ed\u0159ky rozch\u00e1zelo. Ta ateli\u00e9r brzy opustila\u00a0a\u00a0studium dokon\u010dila u\u00a0genera\u010dn\u011b i\u00a0n\u00e1zorov\u011b bli\u017e\u0161\u00edho socha\u0159e Jana \u0160tursy v\u00a0roce 1923. Na ob\u011b univerzity se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sila tajn\u011b, navzdory v\u016fli sv\u00e9ho otce, jen\u017e se vehementn\u011b stav\u011bl proti vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdm studi\u00edm sv\u00e9 dcery.<\/p>\r\n

\u017den\u00e1m vstup povolen!
\r\n<\/strong>P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee studium na vysok\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u0161kole bylo v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch a\u017e do roku 1918 otev\u0159eno pouze pro um\u011blce-mu\u017ee. \u017den\u00e1m byl tento typ studia do t\u00e9 doby zapov\u011bzen, nebo\u0165 frekventovan\u00fd dobov\u00fd n\u00e1zor \u0159\u00edkal, \u017ee \u017eeny se pro povol\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011blkyn\u011b nehod\u00ed. Rok 1918 nen\u00ed zdaleka n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm. Vznik samostatn\u00e9ho \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu s\u00a0sebou p\u0159inesl i\u00a0transformaci vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a\u00a0um\u011bleck\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly se otev\u0159ely \u017een\u00e1m. Z\u00a0Vlasty Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9 se tak\u00a0v\u00a0roce 1919 stala jedna z\u00a0prvn\u00edch studentek-\u017een Akademie v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Praze a\u00a0o\u00a0\u010dty\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji se za\u0159adila mezi prvn\u00ed akademick\u00e9 mal\u00ed\u0159ky u\u00a0n\u00e1s.<\/p>\r\n

Otec, jeho\u017e ozna\u010dila za nep\u0159\u00edtele \u017eensk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, nebyl jedinou mu\u017eskou autoritou, se kterou se v\u00a0nepochopen\u00ed pot\u00fdkala. Byl j\u00ed tak\u00e9 jej\u00ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed man\u017eel, v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u010desk\u00fd liter\u00e1t a\u00a0p\u0159ekladatel Otokar Fischer. S\u00a0n\u00edm se setkala na po\u010d\u00e1tku dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kdy nav\u0161t\u011bvovala jeho p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky na pra\u017esk\u00e9 Filozofick\u00e9 fakult\u011b. Po absolutoriu na AVU se Vlasta Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e1 vydala na n\u011bkolikam\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed stipendijn\u00ed pobyt do Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b byla ale ji\u017e t\u011bhotn\u00e1 a\u00a0otec nenarozen\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte na ni nal\u00e9hal, aby se za n\u011bj provdala. Op\u011bt se dostala do rozporu mezi vlastn\u00edm vid\u011bn\u00edm sv\u011bta a\u00a0dobov\u00fdmi konvencemi. Jej\u00ed n\u00e1zor na man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek byl velmi radik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u2013 nab\u00eddla Fischerovi partnerstv\u00ed a\u00a0mo\u017enost starat se spole\u010dn\u011b o\u00a0d\u00edt\u011b st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b u\u00a0n\u00ed v\u00a0letensk\u00e9m ateli\u00e9ru a\u00a0u\u00a0n\u011bj v\u00a0dejvick\u00e9m byt\u011b. Janu Otokaru Fischerovi nebyl ani m\u011bs\u00edc, kdy\u017e byl s\u0148atek jeho rodi\u010d\u016f, slavn\u00e9ho profesora a\u00a0nad\u011bjn\u00e9 mal\u00ed\u0159ky, na opakovan\u00e9 nal\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f a\u00a0samotn\u00e9ho Fischera je\u0161t\u011b koncem roku 1923 zpe\u010det\u011bn. Man\u017eelstv\u00ed nakonec trvalo pouh\u00e9 dva roky\u00a0a\u00a0po jeho rozpadu n\u00e1sledoval dramatick\u00fd a\u00a0pro Vost\u0159ebalovou zra\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1pas o\u00a0syna Jana. Mal\u00ed\u0159ka nep\u0159estala tvo\u0159it ani v\u00a0dob\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho man\u017eelstv\u00ed, ani jako matka samo\u017eivitelka. Vymykala se tradi\u010dn\u00edmu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 se sv\u00e9 profesi v\u011bnuje pouze do doby, ne\u017e se provd\u00e1 a\u00a0zalo\u017e\u00ed rodinu.<\/p>\r\n

Ateli\u00e9r si Vlasta Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e1-Fischerov\u00e1 na\u0161la v\u00a0pozdn\u011b secesn\u00edm dom\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9m architektem V\u00e1clavem Vackem na adrese Mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e1 9, v\u00a0t\u011bsn\u00e9m sousedstv\u00ed Akademie. Vyu\u017e\u00edvala jej ji\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b sv\u00fdch studi\u00ed, ale postupem \u010dasu se pro ni stal nejenom m\u00edstem pr\u00e1ce, n\u00fdbr\u017e i\u00a0\u017eivota \u2013 zde malovala, kreslila a\u00a0n\u011bkolik let vychov\u00e1vala sv\u00e9ho syna. Ateli\u00e9r opustila\u00a0v\u00a0roce 1930, kdy se p\u0159est\u011bhovala do nov\u00e9ho funkcionalistick\u00e9ho domu v\u00a0Praze-Motole, kter\u00fd si nechala postavit podle vlastn\u00edho architektonick\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu. Navrhla pro n\u011bj i\u00a0ve\u0161ker\u00fd n\u00e1bytek, co\u017e ukazuje na nev\u0161edn\u00ed \u010dinorodost t\u00e9to um\u011blkyn\u011b. Dostavba motolsk\u00e9 vily se ale prodlu\u017eovala \u2013 a\u00a0to nejenom z\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee \u0159adu \u010dinnost\u00ed vykon\u00e1vala stavitelka sv\u00e9pomoc\u00ed. Zprvu tak vila slou\u017eila jako jak\u00e9si do\u010dasn\u00e9 s\u00eddlo a\u00a0mezit\u00edm Vlasta Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e1-Fischerov\u00e1 pob\u00fdvala se synem v\u00a0ateli\u00e9ru na Letn\u00e9 nebo v\u00a0rodinn\u00e9 letn\u00ed vile v\u00a0Senohrabech u\u00a0Prahy.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n

D\u016fm v\u00a0Mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 9, kde um\u011blkyn\u011b tvo\u0159ila a kr\u00e1tkou dobu i bydlela<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Inspirace Sedmi\u010dkou
\r\n<\/strong>Sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed autorsk\u00e9 v\u00fdstavy se do\u010dkala pr\u00e1v\u011b\u00a0v\u00a0roce, kdy proch\u00e1zela obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm obdob\u00edm zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm rozvodem s\u00a0Otokarem Fischerem. Ve slavn\u00e9m Topi\u010dov\u011b salonu v\u00a0Praze\u00a0vystavovala spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0mal\u00ed\u0159kou Miladou Mare\u0161ovou. Po dvou dal\u0161\u00edch samostatn\u00fdch v\u00fdstav\u00e1ch b\u011bhem \u010dervna a\u00a0prosince roku 1934 v\u00a0M\u011bstsk\u00e9 knihovn\u011b na pra\u017esk\u00e9m Mari\u00e1nsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed pak nastala jej\u00ed dlouh\u00e1 tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed odmlka. Dobrovoln\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy bylo reakc\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tek druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00ed spojen\u00e9 obavy o\u00a0osud syna, nebo\u0165 ten byl po otci \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Otokar Fischer zem\u0159el ji\u017e 12. b\u0159ezna 1938 na srde\u010dn\u00ed infarkt pot\u00e9, co se dozv\u011bd\u011bl o\u00a0tzv. an\u0161lusu \u2013 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed Rakouska k\u00a0nacistick\u00e9mu N\u011bmecku. \u017didovsk\u00fd p\u016fvod syna se za protektor\u00e1tu poda\u0159ilo utajit i\u00a0d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee jeho otec rodinu opustil velmi brzo po narozen\u00ed syna a\u00a0ten vyr\u016fstal p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b s\u00e1m s\u00a0matkou. Jan Otokar pro\u017eil v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e1 l\u00e9ta na studi\u00edch \u2013 maturitu absolvoval na sm\u00edchovsk\u00e9m re\u00e1ln\u00e9m gymn\u00e1ziu v\u00a0roce 1941 a\u00a0o\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji slo\u017eil st\u00e1tn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky z\u00a0francouz\u0161tiny, angli\u010dtiny, \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny, ital\u0161tiny, portugal\u0161tiny a\u00a0rumun\u0161tiny na u\u010ditelsk\u00e9m \u00fastavu, kde si do konce v\u00e1lky p\u0159ivyd\u011bl\u00e1val jako v\u00fdpomocn\u00fd u\u010ditel. Po v\u00e1lce studoval liter\u00e1rn\u00ed a\u00a0filologickou komparatistiku na Filozofick\u00e9 fakult\u011b Univerzity Karlovy, kde pozd\u011bji vedl v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159icet let katedru romanistiky.<\/p>\r\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh Vlasty\u00a0Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9-Fischerov\u00e9 se uzav\u0159el\u00a0v\u00a0roce 1963. I\u00a0p\u0159esto, \u017ee jej\u00ed tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed obdob\u00ed trvalo pouh\u00fdch dvacet let, zapsala se do d\u011bjin soci\u00e1ln\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed jako jedna z\u00a0nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch osobnost\u00ed meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 doby. Jej\u00ed d\u00edla, sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu nepr\u00e1vem opom\u00edjen\u00e1, najdeme dnes ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie v\u00a0Praze a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch region\u00e1ln\u00edch galeri\u00ed u\u00a0n\u00e1s. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zdrojem inspirace se pro ni stala Letn\u00e1, Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 obora a\u00a0t\u0159eba i\u00a0o\u00a0n\u011bco vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Troja. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o\u00a0tom nap\u0159\u00edklad dnes ji\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 malby Letn\u00e1 roku 1922 (1926, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie Praha), Z\u00e1hon na Letn\u00e9 (1926, V\u00fdchodo\u010desk\u00e1 galerie v\u00a0Pardubic\u00edch) nebo T\u0159e\u0161\u0148ovka nad zoo v\u00a0Troji (asi 1932, Galerie um\u011bn\u00ed Karlovy Vary).<\/p>\r\n

Obrazy Vlasty Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9-Fischerov\u00e9 si\u00a0m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout ve sb\u00edrkov\u00e9 expozici 1918\u20131938: Prvn\u00ed republika<\/a> vystaven\u00e9 ve 3. pat\u0159e Veletr\u017en\u00edho pal\u00e1ce N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie Praha. V\u00a0sekci v\u011bnovan\u00e9 Topi\u010dovu salonu najdete jej\u00ed malby s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem Melancholie (1922), Va\u0161ek Zik\u00e1n\u016f (1921\u20131922), Kate\u0159inky, zl\u00fd sen (1926) a\u00a0ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd obraz Letn\u00e1 roku 1922 (1926).<\/p>\r\n

\u017divot Vlasty Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9-Fischerov\u00e9 je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem modern\u00ed, neohro\u017een\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 se odm\u00edtala podvolit dobov\u00fdm konvenc\u00edm. Vlastn\u00ed, nepro\u0161lapanou cestou, dos\u00e1hla um\u011bleck\u00e9ho uzn\u00e1n\u00ed. Nav\u017edy ji\u017e z\u016fstane zapsan\u00e1 v\u00a0encyklopedi\u00edch jako jedna z\u00a0nejosobit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edstavitelek soci\u00e1ln\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed 20. a\u00a030. let u\u00a0n\u00e1s.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Obraz Vlasty Vost\u0159ebalov\u00e9-Fischerov\u00e9 Kate\u0159inky, zl\u00fd sen z\u00a0roku 1926<\/em><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[perex] Hole\u0161ovice a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Letn\u00e1 jsou m\u00edstem, kde sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu \u017eila a\u00a0tvo\u0159ila spousta slavn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Spisovatel V\u00e1clav \u0158ez\u00e1\u010d, mal\u00ed\u0159 Anton\u00edn Slav\u00ed\u010dek, socha\u0159 Otakar \u0160vec a\u00a0mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. V\u00a0nov\u00e9m seri\u00e1lu v\u00e1m p\u0159edstav\u00edme neopakovateln\u00e9 osudy n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00a0nich a\u00a0tak\u00e9 m\u00edsta na Sedmi\u010dce, je\u017e jsou s\u00a0nimi spjat\u00e1. Za\u010dneme p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem levicov\u011b a\u00a0feministicky orientovan\u00e9 \u017eeny intelektu\u00e1lky, kter\u00e1 musela o\u00a0sv\u016fj um\u011bleck\u00fd prostor […]","protected":false},"author":76,"featured_media":37991,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37987"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/76"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37987"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37996,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37987\/revisions\/37996"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/37991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.praha7.cz\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}